Grammar

Regular -er and -ir verbs share almost all their endings. Only the nosotros and vosotros forms are different: comemos / vivimos, coméis / vivís.

The yo form always ends in -o, like -ar verbs: como, vivo, leo, escribo.

Many routine verbs are reflexive: the action goes back to the person who does it. In the dictionary they end in -se: levantarse, ducharse.

When you conjugate, the -se moves before the verb and changes with the person: me, te, se, nos, os, se. You already know one: me llamo.

Some routine verbs also change their stem: acostarse → me acuesto, despertarse → me despierto, vestirse → me visto. Learn these yo forms as phrases for now; you will study the pattern in Units 7 and 9.

Use Es la una for one o'clock (singular) and Son las… for all other hours (plural): Son las tres.

Add minutes with y up to half past, and subtract with menos after half past: las tres y cuarto (3:15), las tres y media (3:30), las cuatro menos cuarto (3:45).

To say at a time, use a las / a la: a las nueve, a la una. To say in the morning / afternoon, use de la mañana / de la tarde / de la noche with a time (a las diez de la noche) and por la mañana / por la tarde without one.